What is the Arrhenius concept of acidity?

Question

What is the Arrhenius concept of acidity?

2 Answers

Impact of this question

3086 views around the world

You can reuse this answer
Creative Commons License

Answer 1 · 2017-03-31T15:34:36

Old Arrhenius conceived the acidium ion to be $H^{+}$ $H^+$ .......

Explanation:

And the autoprotolysis reaction of water was proposed to be:

$H_{2} O (l) ⇌ H^{+} + H O^{-}$ $H_2O(l) rightleftharpoons H^(+) + HO^-$

And so for the stoichiometric equation:

$B a {(O H)}_{2} (s) + 2 H C l (a q) \to B a C l_{2} (a q) + 2 H_{2} O$ $Ba(OH)_2(s) + 2HCl(aq) rarr BaCl_2(aq) + 2H_2O$

We could write the net ionic equation:

$H O^{-} + H^{+} \to H_{2} O$ $HO^(-) + H^(+) rarr H_2O$

Clearly, stoichiometry requires that we add 2 equiv hydrochloric acid per equiv barium hydroxide.

Answer 2 · 2017-03-31T15:36:17

This could be written in two different ways, depending on whether you consider the barium hydroxide to be in solid form or solution form.

Explanation:

In Arrhenius' view, the HCl solution would be a mixture of $H^{+}$ $H^+$ and $C l^{-}$ $Cl^-$ ions.

Barium hydroxide is slightly soluble, so you could write is in aqueous form or as a solid. Here is the former:

$H^{+} + C l^{-}$ $H^+ + Cl^-$ $+ B a^{2 +} + O H^{-}$ $+ Ba^(2+) + OH^-$ $\to B a^{2 +} + C l^{- +} H_{2} O$ $rarr Ba^(2+) + Cl^- + H_2O$

To balance this, you note that $B a {(O H)}_{2}$ $Ba(OH)_2$ has two hydroxide ions, and requires two hydrogen ions for complete reaction:

$2 H^{+} + 2 C l^{-}$ $2H^+ + 2Cl^-$ $+ B a^{2 +} + 2 O H^{-}$ $+ Ba^(2+) + 2OH^-$ $\to B a^{2 +} + 2 C l^{- +} 2 H_{2} O$ $rarr Ba^(2+) + 2Cl^- + 2H_2O$

Or, if the net ionic equation is desired, leave out the $B a^{2 +}$ $Ba^(2+)$ and $C l^{-}$ $Cl^-$ ions. (They do not change during the reaction.)

$2 H^{+} + 2 O H^{-}$ $2H^+ +2OH^-$ $\to 2 H_{2} O$ $rarr 2H_2O$

which of course, is the neutralization reaction.

If you write the reaction showing barium hydroxide as a solid, it looks like this:

$2 H^{+} + 2 C l^{-}$ $2H^+ + 2Cl^-$ $+ B a {(O H)}_{2} (s) \to B a^{2 +} + 2 C l^{- +} 2 H_{2} O$ $+ Ba(OH)_2(s) rarr Ba^(2+) + 2Cl^- + 2H_2O$

Science

Math

Humanities

... and beyond

What is the Arrhenius concept of acidity?

2 Answers

Explanation:

Explanation:

Related questions

Impact of this question