What must an Arrhenius acid contain?

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What must an Arrhenius acid contain?

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Answer 1 · 2018-08-06T13:22:39

An Arrhenius acid is a substance whose aqueous solutions give rise to hydrogen ions or protons.

Explanation:

And thus we may identify as an acid a species that undergoes the following reaction with water...

$H X H_{2} O - - \to H^{+} + X^{-}$ $HX stackrel(H_2O)rarrH^+ + X^-$

The acidium ion, $H^{+}$ $H^+$ , is an hypothetical species, and is more commonly represented as hydronium ion, i.e. $H_{3} O^{+}$ $H_3O^+$ , i.e.

$H X (a q) + H_{2} O (l) \to H_{3} O^{+} + X^{-}$ $HX(aq) + H_2O(l) rarrH_3O^+ + X^-$

Both $H^{+}$ $H^+$ , and $H_{3} O^{+}$ $H_3O^+$ are labels of convenience (the latter is more common these days. The actual acidium ion is PROBABLY a cluster of 3-4 water molecules with an EXTRA proton, $H^{+}$ $H^+$ ...to give $H_{7} O_{3}^{+}$ $H_7O_3^(+)$ or $H_{9} O_{4}^{+}$ $H_9O_4^(+)$ . The proton is presumed to tunnel from cluster to cluster, we write $H_{3} O^{+}$ $H_3O^+$ without loss of generality.

And so an Arrhenius acid must contain an hydrogen ion that can be transferred to solvent....

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What must an Arrhenius acid contain?

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