What is the difference between oxides , peroxides and superoxides ?

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What is the difference between oxides , peroxides and superoxides ?

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Answer 1 · 2016-04-03T18:21:08

Oxides, oxidation state $- I I$ $-II$ ; peroxides, oxidation state $- I$ $-I$ ; superoxides, oxidation state $- \frac{1}{2}$ $-1/2$ .

Explanation:

These oxygen derivatives differ by oxidation number. Typical oxides are $N a_{2} O$ $Na_2O$ , $F e_{2} O_{3}$ $Fe_2O_3$ , $B a O$ $BaO$ ; these feature the oxide anion, $O^{2 -}$ $O^(2-)$ .

Peroxides are derivatives of hydrogen peroxide, $H - O - O - H$ $H-O-O-H$ , and feature an $O - O$ $O-O$ bond. The formal oxidation state of oxygen here is $O^{- I}$ $O^(-I)$ , i.e. the peroxide dianion is considered to be $^{-} O - O^{-}$ $""^(-)O-O^(-)$

Superoxides have a formal oxidation state of $- \frac{1}{2}$ $-1/2$ , and are known as alkali metal salts, i.e. $M O_{2}$ $MO_2$ $(M = K, N a, R b)$ $(M=K, Na, Rb)$ . They are a portable form of oxygen, and are used as oxygen supplies for firefighters.

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What is the difference between oxides , peroxides and superoxides ?

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