What are some examples of a closed shell?

1 Answer
Truong-Son N.
Jul 28, 2015

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_shell

Filled valence shell (General Chemistry, atoms)

or

No unpaired electrons , i.e. all orbitals either doubly-occupied or empty (Quantum Chemistry, molecules with a singlet state, such as #""^1 Sigma^+#)

An example of a closed-shell atom is #O^(2-)#, #F^(-)#, #Ne#, etc., seeing as how they all have a full octet.

#N_2# is one example of a closed-shell molecule, since you can see in the diagram below that none of its electrons are unpaired.

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