How do you factor d^2 + 2d + 2?

1 Answer
Oct 10, 2016

This quadratic only factorises if you use Complex coefficients:

d^2+2d+2 = (d+1-i)(d+1+i)

Explanation:

Completing the square, we find:

d^2+2d+2 = (d+1)^2+1

This will be positive and therefore non-zero for any Real value of d. So this expression is not reducible into linear factors with Real coefficients.

If we allow Complex numbers then this can be factored as a difference of squares.

a^2-b^2 = (a-b)(a+b)

with a=(d+1) and b=i as follows:

d^2+2d+2 = (d+1)^2+1

color(white)(d^2+2d+2) = (d+1)^2-i^2

color(white)(d^2+2d+2) = ((d+1)-i)((d+1)+i)

color(white)(d^2+2d+2) = (d+1-i)(d+1+i)