How do you distinguish strong acids and weak acids?

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How do you distinguish strong acids and weak acids?

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Answer 1 · 2017-04-28T02:54:19

The strength of an acid in water depends on the extent of the following equilibrium............

Explanation:

$H X + H_{2} O ⇌ H_{3} O^{+} + X^{-}$ $HX + H_2O rightleftharpoons H_3O^+ + X^-$

For weak acids, e.g. $H O A c$ $HOAc$ , $H_{2} S O_{3}$ $H_2SO_3$ , $H F$ $HF$ , the equilibrium lies to the left............

And for strong acids, $H_{2} S O_{4}$ $H_2SO_4$ , $H C l O_{4}$ $HClO_4$ , $H X (X \neq F)$ $HX (X!=F)$ , $H N O_{3}$ $HNO_3$ the equilibrium lies to the right, such that at equilibrium $[H X]$ $[HX]$ is close to zero, and the aqueous solution is stoichiometric in $H_{3} O^{+}$ $H_3O^+$ . When you use these in calculations, these have $p K_{a}$ $pK_a$ values that are $< 2 - 3$ $<2-3$ , and ionization may be regarded as complete (even for the diacid).

Because this is an experimental phenomenon, some of these $strong and weak acids$ $"strong and weak acids"$ have to be committed to memory. The practical component of your course will help you remember.

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How do you distinguish strong acids and weak acids?

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