Calculate the standard enthalpy change in kJ for the production of 12.2 g of H2O(l) from a reaction with the reactants: H2S(g), O2(g) and the products: H2O(l), SO2(g)?
1 Answer
Explanation:
The first thing to do here is write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction
#2"H"_2"S"_text((g]) + 3"O"_text(2(g]) -> 2"SO"_text(2(g]) + 2"H"_2"O"_text((l])#
SInce the standard enthalpy change of reaction,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_enthalpy_change_of_formation_%28data_table%29
In your case, you have
#"For H"_2"S: " DeltaH_text(f)^@ = -"20.63 kJ/mol"#
#"For O"_2 : " "DeltaH_text(f)^@ = "0 kJ/mol"#
#"For SO"_2: " "DeltaH_text(f)^@ = - "296.84 kJ/mol"#
#"For H"_2"O"_text((l]): DeltaH_text(f)^@ = -"285.8 kJ/mol"#
The standard enthalpy change of reaction can be calculated by using the equation
#color(blue)(DeltaH_"rxn"^@ = sum(n xx Delta_"f products") - sum(m xx DeltaH_"reactants"))" "# , where
In your case, you would have
#DeltaH_"rxn"^@ = [2color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))) xx (-296.84"kJ"/color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole")))) + 2color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))) xx (-285.8"kJ"/color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole"))))] - [2color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))) xx (-20.63"kJ"/color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole")))) + "3 moles" * 0]#
#DeltaH_"rxn"^@ = -"1165.28 kJ" - (-"41.26 kJ")#
#DeltaH_"rxn" = -"1124.02 kJ"#
Now, this is the enthalpy change of reaction when 2 moles of hydrogen sulfide react with 3 moles of oxygen gas to produce 2 moles of sulfur dioxide and 2 moles of water.
In your case, the mass of water produced by the reaction will help you determine how many moles of each species were actually involved in the reaction.
Use water's molar mass to get
#12.2color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g"))) * ("1 mole H"_2"O")/(18.015color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g")))) = "0.6772 moles H"_2"O"#
If the reaction will release
#0.6772color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles H"_2"O"))) * (-"1124.02 kJ")/(2color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles H"_2"O")))) = color(green)(-"381 kJ")#