Question #0bff3

Question

1623 views around the world

You can reuse this answer
Creative Commons License

Answer 1 · 2016-10-18T15:44:11

You might get #"1,3,5-trinitrobenzene."#

Conc. nitric acid and conc. sulfuric acid mixed together form the classic nitrating mixture that delivers the #NO_2^+# electrophile:

#H_2SO_4(aq) + HNO_3(aq) rarr H_2NO_3^(+) + HSO_4^-#

Sulfuric acid protonates nitric acid, which then spits out water and nitronium ion:

#H_2NO_3^(+) rarr H_2O + NO_2^(+)#

The nitronium ion, which is linear, is a potent electrophile, and will react with nucleophiles such as an aromatic ring.

#C_6H_5NO_2 + NO_2^(+) +HSO_4^(-) rarr 1,3-C_6H_4(NO_2)_2 +H_2SO_4#.

Another equiv of nitronium ion might give #1,3,5-C_6H_3(NO_2)_3#

The nitro group is a #"meta-director."#