How does chlorine substitution on a phenyl ring modify the reactivity of the ring?

1 Answer
Apr 1, 2016

Because the electronegative chlorine atom withdraws electron density from the ring, making the ring less nucleophilic.

Explanation:

So, by induction, the chloro-substituted phenyl ring is a less powerful nucleophile, and thus, less likely to undergo substitution by electrophiles. Because of the lone pairs on the chloride, it is an ortho and para director in those reactions where it does undergo substitution.